ANIMAL SPECIES:Thresher Shark, Alopias vulpinus (Bonnaterre, 1788)
The extremely long upper lobe of the Thresher Shark's caudal fin is used to herd and stun small fishes upon which the shark feeds.
Alternative Name/s
Atlantic Thresher, Common Thresher Shark, Fox Shark, Green Thresher, Thintail ThresherIdentification
All the thresher sharks (Family Alopiidae) have an extremely long upper lobe of the caudal fin. The Thresher Shark can be recognised by its pointed, pectoral fins, white colouration of the body above the pectoral fins, and other fin characteristics. In life it is blue-grey dorsally and white ventrally.
Three species of thresher sharks are recorded from Australian waters. The Bigeye Thresher Alopias superciliosus, has very large eyes which extend onto the top surface of the head, and a deep groove which runs from behind the eyes to above the gill slits. The Pelagic Thresher, Alopias pelagicus, can be recognised by a combination of characters including fin shapes and colouration. The side of the body above the pectoral fin is dark.
Size range
The Thresher Shark grows to a maximum size of around 5.5 m.Distribution
The species has a widespread distribution in temperate and topical waters. In Australia it occurs from southern Queensland to Tasmania, around the south of the country and to the central coast of Western Australia.
Distribution by collection data
Biomaps map of Thresher Shark specimens in the Australian Museum collection.
Habitat
The species occurs in coastal and oceanic waters. In Australia it occurs in temperate waters from the surface down to about 370 m.
Behaviour and adaptations
Feeding and Diet
The elongate upper lobe o the tail is used to herd and stun small fishes upon which the shark feeds.
Classification
- Species:
- vulpinus
- Genus:
- Alopias
- Family:
- Alopiidae
- Order:
- Lamniformes
- Class:
- Chondrichthyes
- Subphylum:
- Vertebrata
- Phylum:
- Chordata
- Kingdom:
- Animalia
References
- Last, P.R. & J.D. Stevens. 1994. Sharks and Rays of Australia. CSIRO. Pp. 513, Pl. 1-84.
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Thresher Shark, Alopias vulpinus View full size
Stuart Humphreys
© Australian Museum
Head of a Thresher Shark, Alopias vulpinus View full size
Stuart Humphreys
© Australian Museum
Scanning electron micrograph of the scales of a Thresher Shark View full size
Sue Lindsay
© Australian Museum
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